The Link Between the Altered gut
Microbiota
and Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
Gheorghe Giurgiu1,
Manole Cojocaru2
1 Deniplant-Aide Sante Medical Center,
Biomedicine, Bucharest, Romania
2 Titu Maiorescu University, Faculty of Medicine,
Bucharest, Romania
correspondence
author: deniplant@gmail.com
Background: Nowadays, regulation of the immune system through gut microbiota is
supposed to affect the chronic spontaneous urticaria.
Unfortunately, the whole intestinal microbiome in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients
is rarely being clarified. Lactobacillus in the prevention and treatment
of the allergic and inflammatory diseases was reported.
Objectives: The gut microbiota may be a target for improving outcomes in subjects
affected or at risk for chronic spontaneous urticaria.
Materials and methods: The evaluation of the patients was based on history and physical
examination. Specific bacterial genera including Lactobacillus and Bacteroides
as well as their microbial metabolites, i.e., short-chain fatty acids, confer
protection against chronic spontaneous urticaria.
Results: Chronic spontaneous urticaria is a
spontaneous disorder defined as persistent urticaria longer than 6 weeks in
duration and without an identifiable cause. Imbalanced microbiota diversity
should be considered as one of the most important underlying causes of chronic spontaneous urticaria. Although the mechanism of decreased microbiota diversity associated
with the etiology of chronic spontaneous urticaria is not clear, alterations in gut bacterial diversity could disrupt
mucosal immunological tolerance by promoting regulatory T cells reacting to
dietary antigens.
Conclusion: This is the first study, to our knowledge, to
show the change of microbiota composition in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Our
results demonstrated that the microbial composition was significantly different
between patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria and the healthy individual, which may be the reason leading to the
various outcomes of probiotic treatment. This
study suggests that disturbances in the gut microbiome composition and
metabolites and their crosstalk or interaction may participate in the
pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria.
Key
words: microbiome, chronic
spontaneous urticaria, probiotics
DOI https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscibio.2022.1.75
